Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Azvudine Meta
Bromhexine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Curcumin Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   
0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 55% Improvement Relative Risk HCQ for COVID-19  Alamdari et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 459 patients in Iran Lower mortality with HCQ (p=0.028) c19hcq.org Alamdari et al., Tohoku J. Exp. Med., .., Sep 2020 Favors HCQ Favors control

Mortality Risk Factors among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in a Major Referral Center in Iran

Alamdari et al., Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2020, 252, 73-84, doi:10.1620/tjem.252.73
Sep 2020  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All   Meta
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now known with p < 0.00000000001 from 422 studies, recognized in 42 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
3,900+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19hcq.org
Retrospective 459 patients in Iran with 93% treated with HCQ, showing HCQ mortality RR 0.45, p = 0.028. HCQ was the only antiviral that showed a significant difference. There was relatively few control patients and the result is subject to confounding by indication. Average admission delay 5.72 days.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: substantial unadjusted confounding by indication likely.
Study covers aspirin and HCQ.
risk of death, 55.0% lower, RR 0.45, p = 0.03, treatment 54 of 427 (12.6%), control 9 of 32 (28.1%), NNT 6.5.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Alamdari et al., 9 Sep 2020, retrospective, Iran, peer-reviewed, 14 authors, average treatment delay 5.72 days.
This PaperHCQAll
Mortality Risk Factors among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in a Major Referral Center in Iran
Nasser Malekpour Alamdari, Siamak Afaghi, Fatemeh Sadat Rahimi, Farzad Esmaeili Tarki, Sasan Tavana, Alireza Zali, Mohammad Fathi, Sara Besharat, Leyla Bagheri, Fatemeh Pourmotahari, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Ali Dabbagh, Seyed Ali Mousavi
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, doi:10.1620/tjem.252.73
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has killed many people worldwide since December 2019, and Iran has been among the most affected countries. In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the prognostic factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients by analyzing 396 survived and 63 non-survived patients in Shahid Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from January 30 th until April 5 th , 2020. As the results, the BMI > 35 (p = 0.0003), lung cancer (p = 0.007), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.002), Immunocompromised condition (p = 0.003), and diabetes (p = 0.018) were more frequently observed in the expired group. The history of statins use was more common in the discharged group (p = 0.002), while there was no significant difference in the drug history of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, and/or steroids, and in the past-year influenza vaccination. Multivariable regression demonstrated rising odds of in-hospital death related with age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.055, p = 0.002), levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 2.915, p < 0.001), creatinine (OR = 1.740, p = 0.023), lymphocyte count (OR = 0.999, p = 0.008), and magnesium level (OR = 0.032, p < 0.001) on admission. In conclusion, the patients with older age and higher BMI with lymphopenia, hypomagnesemia, elevated CRP and/or raised creatinine on admission are at higher risk of mortality due to the COVID-19 infection, which requires the physicians to use timely and strong therapeutic measures for such patients.
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
Abdi, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran: actions and problems, Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol
Alraddadi, Watson, Almarashi, Abedi, Turkistani et al., Risk factors for primary middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus illness in humans, Saudi Arabia, Emerg. Infect. Dis
Borba, Val, Sampaio, Alexandre, Melo et al., Effect of high vs low doses of chloroquine diphosphate as adjunctive therapy for patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: a randomized clinical trial, JAMA Netw. Open
Boulware, Pullen, Bangdiwala, Pastick, Lofgren et al., A randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis for Covid-19, N. Engl. J. Med
Casey, Iteen, Nicolini, Auten, COVID-19 pneumonia with hemoptysis: acute segmental pulmonary emboli associated with novel coronavirus infection, Am. J. Emerg. Med
Conti, Younes, Coronavirus COV-19/SARS-CoV-2 affects women less than men: clinical response to viral infection, J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents
Cucinotta, Vanelli, WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic, Acta Biomed
D'antiga, Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients: the facts during the third epidemic, Liver Transpl
Dai, ABO blood group predisposes to COVID-19 severity and cardiovascular diseases, Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol
De Wit, Van Doremalen, Falzarano, Munster, SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses, Nat. Rev. Microbiol
Duwe, Influenza viruses-antiviral therapy and resistance, GMS Infect. Dis
Gautret, Lagier, Parola, Hoang, Meddeb et al., Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial, Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents
Geleris, Sun, Platt, Zucker, Baldwin et al., Observational study of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with Covid-19, N. Engl. J. Med
Goldwasser, Feldman, Association of serum albumin and mortality risk, J. Clin. Epidemiol
Grasselli, Zangrillo, Zanella, Antonelli, Cabrini et al., Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy, JAMA
Guan, Ni, Hu, Liang, Ou et al., Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, N. Engl. J. Med
Helfant, Hypokalemia and arrhythmias, Am. J. Med
Holshue, Debolt, Lindquist, Lofy, Wiesman et al., First case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States, N. Engl. J. Med
Hong, Choi, Hong, Lee, Kwon et al., Predictors of mortality in Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Thorax
Huang, Wang, Li, Ren, Zhao et al., Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, Lancet
Hui, Azhar, Kim, Memish, Oh et al., Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission, Lancet Infect. Dis
Hulme, Gallo, Short, Influenza virus and glycemic variability in diabetes: a killer combination?, Front. Microbiol
Jia, Feng, Fang, Richardus, Han et al., Case fatality of SARS in mainland China and associated risk factors, Trop. Med. Int. Health
Jin, Bai, He, Wu, Liu et al., Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality, Front. Public Health
Joyce, Fabre, Mahon, Hydroxychloroquine cardiotoxicity presenting as a rapidly evolving biventricular cardiomyopathy: key diagnostic features and literature review, Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care
Kanne, Little, Chung, Elicker, Ketai, Essentials for radiologists on COVID-19: an updateradiology scientific expert panel, Radiology
Li, Guan, Wu, Wang, Zhou et al., Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia, N. Engl. J. Med
Lippi, Henry, Active smoking is not associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Eur. J. Intern. Med
Mackenzie, Smith, COVID-19: a novel zoonotic disease caused by a coronavirus from China: what we know and what we don't, Microbiol. Aust
Milbrandt, Reade, Lee, Shook, Angus et al., Prevalence and significance of coagulation abnormalities in community-acquired pneumonia, Mol. Med
Oostra, De Haan, De Groot, Rottier, Glycosylation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus triple-spanning membrane proteins 3a and M, J. Virol
Plein, Rittner, Opioids and the immune system -friend or foe, Br. J. Pharmacol
Rao, Mann, Shoaibi, Bennett, Nahhas et al., Azithromycin and levofloxacin use and increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia and death, Ann. Fam. Med
Rizzo, Vieceli Dalla Sega, Fortini, Marracino, Rapezzi et al., COVID-19 in the heart and the lungs: could we "Notch" the inflammatory storm?, Basic Res. Cardiol
Rodelo, De La Rosa, Valencia, Ospina, Arango et al., D-dimer is a significant prognostic factor in patients with suspected infection and sepsis, Am. J. Emerg. Med
Rubeiz, Thill-Baharozian, Hardie, Carlson, Association of hypomagnesemia and mortality in acutely ill medical patients, Crit. Care Med
Salimi, Hennus, Mokhtari-Azad, Shokri, Janssen et al., Opioid receptors control viral replication in the airways, Crit. Care Med
Sarnak, Jaber, Pulmonary infectious mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease, Chest
Shahverdi, Moghaddam, Talebian, Abolghasemi, Distribution of blood groups in the Iranian general population, Immunohematology
Simonnet, Chetboun, Poissy, Raverdy, Noulette et al., LICORN and the Lille COVID-19 and Obesity study group (2020) High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, Obesity (Silver Spring)
Syedmoradi, Ghasemi, Zahediasl, Azizi, Prevalence of hypo-and hypermagnesemia in an Iranian urban population, Ann. Hum. Biol
Wang, Zhang, Risk of COVID-19 for patients with cancer, Lancet Oncol
Yan, Faraji, Prajapati, Boone, Deconde, Association of chemosensory dysfunction and COVID-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms, Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol
Yang, Feng, Yuan, Yuan, Fu et al., Plasma glucose levels and diabetes are independent predictors for mortality and morbidity in patients with SARS, Diabet. Med
Yang, Wang, COVID-19: a new challenge for human beings, Cell. Mol. Immunol
Yuan, Statins may decrease the fatality rate of Middle East respiratory syndrome infection, mBio
Zhou, Yu, Du, Fan, Liu et al., Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study, Lancet
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit