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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 11% Improvement Relative Risk ICU admission 42% Severe case 40% Vitamin D for COVID-19  di Filippo et al.  Sufficiency Are vitamin D levels associated with COVID-19 outcomes? Retrospective 88 patients in Italy Lower severe cases with higher vitamin D levels (p=0.037) c19early.org di Filippo et al., The J. Clinical End.., Aug 2021 Favors vitamin D Favors control

Vitamin D levels associate with blood glucose and BMI in COVID-19 patients predicting disease severity

di Filippo et al., The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab599
Aug 2021  
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Vitamin D for COVID-19
8th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020
 
*, now known with p < 0.00000000001 from 120 studies, recognized in 7 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
3,900+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 88 patients in Italy, showing vitamin D deficiency associated with severe cases, blood glucose, and BMI.
This is the 89th of 194 COVID-19 sufficiency studies for vitamin D, which collectively show higher levels reduce risk with p<0.0000000001 (1 in 2470 vigintillion).
risk of death, 10.7% lower, RR 0.89, p = 1.00, high D levels 5 of 28 (17.9%), low D levels 12 of 60 (20.0%), NNT 47, >20ng/mL.
risk of ICU admission, 41.6% lower, RR 0.58, p = 0.22, high D levels 6 of 28 (21.4%), low D levels 22 of 60 (36.7%), NNT 6.6, >20ng/mL.
risk of severe case, 39.6% lower, RR 0.60, p = 0.04, high D levels 11 of 28 (39.3%), low D levels 39 of 60 (65.0%), NNT 3.9, >20ng/mL.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
di Filippo et al., 12 Aug 2021, retrospective, Italy, peer-reviewed, 8 authors.
This PaperVitamin DAll
Vitamin D levels associate with blood glucose and BMI in COVID-19 patients predicting disease severity
Luigi Di Filippo, MD Agnese Allora, MD Mauro Doga, MD Anna Maria Formenti, MD Massimo Locatelli, MD Patrizia Rovere Querini, Professor Stefano Frara, MD Andrea Giustina, Prof Andrea Giustina
doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab599/6349205
Context: High prevalence of Vitamin-D (VD) deficiency in COVID-19 patients was reported and hypothesized to increase COVID-19 severity likely due to its negative impact on immune and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, clear associations between hypovitaminosis-D and fat body-mass excess and diabetes, factors associated with COVID-19 severity, have been widely recognized. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate in COVID-19 patients the relationship between VD levels and inflammatory response, BMI, blood glucose and disease severity. Design: Patients admitted to San Raffaele-Hospital for COVID-19 were enrolled in this study, excluding those with comorbidities and therapies influencing VD-metabolism. 25(OH)VD levels, plasma glucose levels, BMI and inflammatory parameters were evaluated at admission. Results: A total of 88 patients were included. Median VD level was 16.3 ng/mL and VDdeficiency was found in 68.2% of patients. VD-deficiency was found more frequently in male patients and in those affected by severe COVID-19. Regression analyses showed a positive correlation between VD and PaO2/FiO2 ratio, and negative correlations between VD and plasma glucose, BMI, Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio, CRP and IL-6.
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