Retrospective 1,418 very late stage (46% mortality) patients in Peru, showing no significant difference with HCQ. There is strong
confounding by indication, for example 48% of patients with baseline SpO
2 <70% were treated compared with 22% for SpO
2 >95%. There may also be significant
confounding by time with SOC changing substantially over the first few months of the pandemic.
risk of death, 6.0% higher, HR 1.06, p = 0.46, treatment 292 of 590 (49.5%), control 362 of 828 (43.7%), Cox proportional hazards.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta
analysis:
unadjusted results with no group details, substantial unadjusted
confounding by indication likely, substantial
confounding by time possible due to significant changes in SOC and treatment propensity near the start of the pandemic.
Soto et al., 3/2/2022, retrospective, Peru, South America, peer-reviewed, median age 58.0, 10 authors, study period April 2020 - August 2020, dosage not specified.