Impact of Azithromycin and/or Hydroxychloroquine on Hospital Mortality in COVID-19

8/30 Late treatment study

Albani et al., J, Clinical Medicine, doi:10.3390/jcm9092800 (Peer Reviewed)
Impact of Azithromycin and/or Hydroxychloroquine on Hospital Mortality in COVID-19

Source PDF Share Tweet

Retrospective 1376 hospitalized patients in Italy, 211 treated with HCQ and 166 with HCQ+AZ.

Albani et al., 8/30/2020, retrospective, Italy, Europe, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.

risk of death, 18.4% lower, RR 0.82, p = 0.05, treatment 60 of 211 (28.4%), control 172 of 605 (28.4%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, HCQ vs. neither.

risk of death, 9.0% higher, RR 1.09, p = 0.38, treatment 60 of 211 (28.4%), control 172 of 605 (28.4%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, HCQ+AZ vs. neither.

risk of ICU admission, 9.2% higher, RR 1.09, p = 0.68, treatment 73 of 211 (34.6%), control 46 of 605 (7.6%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, HCQ vs. neither.

risk of ICU admission, 71.3% higher, RR 1.71, p < 0.001, treatment 73 of 211 (34.6%), control 46 of 605 (7.6%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, HCQ+AZ vs. neither.

This study is excluded in meta analysis: substantial unadjusted confounding by indication likely, substantial time varying confounding likely due to declining usage over the early period when overall treatment protocols improved dramatically.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance, however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes when combining the results of many trials.

All 344 studies Meta Analysis

Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and treatments are both extremely valuable and complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used. Elimination of COVID-19 is a race against viral evolution. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. Denying the efficacy of any method increases the risk of COVID-19 becoming endemic; and increases mortality, morbidity, and collateral damage. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. Treatment protocols for physicians are available from the FLCCC.

Submit