Chronic treatment with HCQ provides protection against COVID, odds ratio 0.51 (0.37-0.70).
The actual benefit is likely to be larger becasue research shows that the risk of COVID-19 for systemic autoimmune disease patients is much higher overall. Ferri et al. show OR 4.42,
p<0.001 [1], which is the observed real-world risk, taking into account factors such as these patients potentially being more careful to avoid exposure.
Ferreira et al., 6/29/2020, retrospective, database analysis, Portugal, Europe, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
risk of COVID-19 case, 47.1% lower, RR 0.53, p < 0.001, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
Effect extraction follows
pre-specified rules
prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious
outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance,
however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes
when combining the results of many trials.
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and treatments are both extremely valuable and complementary. We do
not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
Submit