Long-term hydroxychloroquine use in patients with rheumatic conditions and development of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study

9/21 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis study (treated before exposed to the virus)

Gentry et al., Lancet Rheumatology, doi:10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30305-2 (Peer Reviewed)
Long-term hydroxychloroquine use in patients with rheumatic conditions and development of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a retrospective cohort study

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Retrospective patients with rheumatologic conditions showing zero of 10,703 COVID-19 deaths for HCQ patients versus 7 of 21,406 propensity matched control patients (not statistically significant). The average age of HCQ patients is slightly lower 64.8 versus 65.4 control.

COVID-19 cases OR 0.79, p=0.27. There are several significant differences in the propensity matched patients that could affect results, e.g., 20.9% SLE versus 24.7%.

Gentry et al., 9/21/2020, retrospective, database analysis, USA, North America, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.

risk of death, 91.3% lower, RR 0.09, p = 0.10, treatment 0 of 10703 (0.0%), control 7 of 21406 (0.0%), continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), COVID-19 mortality within all patients.

risk of death, 90.7% lower, RR 0.09, p = 0.19, treatment 0 of 31 (0.0%), control 7 of 78 (9.0%), continuity correction due to zero event (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), mortality for infected patients.

risk of COVID-19 case, 20.9% lower, RR 0.79, p = 0.27, treatment 31 of 10703 (0.3%), control 78 of 21406 (0.4%), odds ratio converted to relative risk.

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. For an individual study the most serious outcome may have a smaller number of events and lower statistical signficance, however this provides the strongest evidence for the most serious outcomes when combining the results of many trials.

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